Recent advancements in the genetic engineering of microalgae

The development of more sustainable food, feed, and bio-products is critical to mitigating the environmental stresses facing our world today. Algae, which includes seaweeds, eukaryotic microalgae, cyanobacteria, are a promising platform achieving this, as they have low energy space requirements, safe for human animal consumption, can be manipulated produce diversity valuable bioproducts. This review focuses on both cyanobacteria. In past, addressing major challenges bringing microalgal production systems an economically viable scale only had relatively small genetic toolset work with, in comparison other microbial such bacteria yeast. Expanding molecular tools available engineering microalgae will lead higher product yields, accelerate new bioproducts commercial applications, thereby supporting shift towards environmentally friendly products. this review, we highlight significant advances from recent years design expression vectors, discovery regulatory elements (promoters transcription factors), optimization transformation methods, strain improvement techniques, all aimed at advancing become efficient biomanufacturing platform. We then discuss how these been applied improving recombinant protein production, enhance metabolic pathway engineering.